Lutnick’s remarks follow years of lobbying against Australia’s ban on uncooked beef from the US by American farmers,who rank among the economic sectors most exposed to a stinging response from international markets,including China,by way of retaliatory tariffs on their exports.

Lutnick was circumspect when asked on broadcaster CNBC about Australia’s prospect of winning a tariff exemption in return for allowing in US beef.

Ian Thompson,Australia’s former chief environmental biosecurity officer,said a key sticking point is that the US beef industry runs an internationally integrated supply chain that imports and processes beef from Canada and Central and South America that has not been approved under Australia’s biosecurity regime.

Many countries involved in that supply chain present a risk of cattle with mad cow disease – which is linked to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease,a fatal brain disorder in humans – and foot and mouth disease – a highly infectious livestock virus that could require herds around the country to be destroyed. The federal government has estimated a foot-and-mouth outbreak could cost the economy $80 billion.

Australia’s biosecurity regime treats all imported products as if they come direct from the country of origin.

Thompson echoed Scott-Orr’s description of Australian biosecurity rules as science-based and said the standards are upheld by international co-operation.

“We don’t send inspectors to every plant in the United States,or New Zealand,or Vanuatu. We rely on the capability and authority of that country’s supervising authority. They’ve got to go and check that the veterinary and health inspections by that country meet our standards and there will be reviews from time to time,” he said.

“It works both ways. The US sends inspectors to Australia,for example,for our exports to the United States.”

Cattle Australia chief executive Chris Parker,who heads Australia’s peak beef lobby after working for years as a top biosecurity official in the federal government,said:“These are the same conditions that the US imposes on Australian exporters – reciprocal arrangements are already in place. The US industry has not been able to meet these standards and now wishes to include beef from cattle born in Mexico and Canada.

“Our science-based biosecurity and certification system is not up for negotiation within trade and tariff discussions,and we encourage all parties to await[the government’s] scientific assessment.”

On the election campaign trail on Friday,both leaders argued they were best placed to negotiate with the Trump administration. A senior government source,who asked not to be named so they could detail internal conversations,confirmed more details on a critical minerals deal were imminent.

Asked if Australia’s critical minerals offered a path through to a deal with Trump – and to respond to comments from Trump on Air Force One that he would be open to striking “phenomenal” deals with countries to wind back tariffs,Albanese said that “this[critical minerals] is something that we began discussions with the Biden administration on.

“What we’ll do is probably not make a phenomenal offer at a press conference,but we’ll engage diplomatically in a considered way. That is what serious governments do ... serious governments engage government to government. That is what we have been doing,” he said,adding that Australian officials had been in contact with Trump officials in the previous 24 hours.

Dutton said the government had not done anything to facilitate a critical minerals deal and that as a reliable partner of the US “there are so many opportunities;the government’s missed every one”.

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