Funnel web spiderCredit:Australian Reptile Park.

It could be because of the heavy rain and flooding that has hit much of NSW during the past three years,or that people are having fewer encounters with the venomous eight-legged critters. The reptile park relies on people bringing in the spiders to milk their venom and turn it into antivenom.

Due to the decreasing number of donations over recent years,the park resorted to breeding its own funnel web spiders to ensure a steady supply in 2019.

In some pockets,such as suburbs near bushland in Hornsby and Wahroonga on the northern beaches or in Newcastle,populations have remained high.

“The populations are pretty stable and have gone through many,many periods just like what we’ve had,” he said.

‘Once people move in,they encroach further and further on[bushland] which generally has poor consequences for the species.’

Jake Meney from the Australian Reptile Park on the problems facing the spider population

But Meney says as Sydney’s human population continues to grow,habitat destruction is hitting funnel web spider populations.

“That is a real threat for almost every species. Once people move in,they encroach further and further on[bushland] which generally has poor consequences for the species,” he said. “A lot of people don’t think spiders are much of a thing to care about or worry about,but spiders eat other insects that people aren’t too keen on,like cockroaches or crickets. If you remove something that can ruin the bigger picture.”

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Data from the NSW Poisons Information Centre shows that spider encounters - either bites or possible bites - have increased from 65 encounters in 2018 to 88 interactions last year. The majority of encounters occur between November and February each year.

Dr Bruno Buzatto,Lecturer in Terrestrial Ecology at Flinders University,said funnel web spiders take more than five years to go from egg to adult,with larger climate factors taking several years to have any impact on populations.

The numbers of funnel web spiders have declined this summer.

The numbers of funnel web spiders have declined this summer.

“I fear,if anything,that their populations are decreasing. Bush keeps getting cleared for development in metro areas. These spiders have a long life cycle and need native bush to survive and breed,” he said.

He added that while many Sydneysiders are familiar with the Sydney funnel web spider,there are indications that there might be more new species within the genus.

This means there might be greater genetic diversity and spider species than previously thought. Buzatto said while this research was exciting,it also demonstrated how much remains unknown to scientists and points to the greater need for increased research funding.

There have been 13 deaths from funnel web spiders recorded in Australia. Since the development of the antivenom in 1981,no Australian has died from a funnel web spider bite.

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